Jacksonian democracy Essay Example for Free

Jacksonian democracy Essay Jacksonian Democracy refers to the political philosophy of United States President Andrew Jackson and his supporters. Jacksons policies followed in the footsteps of Thomas Jefferson. Jacksons Democratic Party was resisted by the rival Whig Party. More broadly, the term refers to the period of the Second Party System (1824-1854) when Jacksonian philosophy was ascendant as well as the spirit of that era. It can be contrasted with the characteristics of Jeffersonian democracy, which dominated the previous political era. Jacksons equal political policy became known as Jacksonian Democracy, subsequent to ending what he termed a monopoly of government. The Jacksonian era saw a great increase of respect and power for the common man, as the electorate expanded to include all white male adult citizens, rather than only land owners in that group. In contrast to the Jeffersonian era, Jacksonian democracy promoted the strength of the presidency and executive branch at the expense of Congress, while also seeking to broaden the publics participation in government. Jacksonians believed in enfranchising all white men, rather than just the propertied class, and supported the patronage system that enabled politicians to appoint their supporters into administrative offices, arguing it would reduce the power of elites and prevent aristocracies from emerging. They demanded elected (not appointed) judges and rewrote many state constitutions to reflect the new values. In national terms the Jacksonians favored geographical expansion, justifying it in terms of Manifest Destiny. There was usually a consensus among both Jacksonians and Whigs that battles over slavery should be avoided. The Jacksonian Era lasted roughly from Jacksons 1828 election until the slavery issue became dominant after 1850 and the American Civil War dramatically reshap ed American politics as the Third Party System emerged.

How Does A Firm?s Pricing Poli :: essays research papers

How does a firm’s pricing policy relate to the product’s life cycle? When a company launches a new product, it knows the product won’t last forever. However, the company does expect to earn a satisfactory profit to cover all the effort and risk that went into launching it. A firm can never accurately predict the lifetime of a product, but the lifetime involves four distinct stages. These four stages are collectively known as the Product Life Cycle (PLC). The first stage is the introduction stage, when the product is first launched. Sales growth tend to be low as consumers are ‘introduced’ to the existence of the product. At this stage therefore, profits are negative or low because of the low sales and high distribution and promotion expenses. Much money is needed to attract distributors and build their inventories. Promotion spending is especially high to inform customers of the new product and get them to try it. One of the biggest launches in recent history is that of the DVD player. Not only is this a new product, it’s a whole new market. Industry executives have named DVD-Video the "Medium of the Millennium" and boast that DVD-Video is the fastest growing new packaged media format launch in history with close to 5.4 million DVD-Video players shipped to retail since the format launched nationally in the U.S. in autumn 1997 (Consumer Electronics Association). The outlook for next year is equally promising. The DVD Entertainment Group estimates that hardware shipments will double to eight million DVD-Video players in 2000. And, based on the success of the format exceeding all previous forecasts that number could be even higher. The group also estimates that the installed base will more than exceed 10 percent of US households, a benchmark of success for a consumer electronics product. The surge in hardware sales is a positive boost for retailers. In 1999, DVD-Video hardware represented more than $1 billion in retail sales. This includes stand-alone players only and does not include DVD-ROM drives or other home theater products. There are now nearly 70 DVD Video player models marketed under 30 different consumer electronics brands. In only its third year in the marketplace, DVD-Video player prices have declined significantly. According to Intelect ASW, the average price sold for a DVD-Video player was $298 in November, down 30 percent from $428 at the same time last year. Some players and models are available for less than $200 making the format accessible to the mass market.

SWOT Analysis of Nestle Australia Ltd Essay

Executive Summary This SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat) report examines those four areas of a new Nestle product in the market. This product has a new and unique mixture that has never been in the local market shelves ever before. Although this report is mainly about the new product, it also looks at the history of Nestle and goes into depth about the SWOT of the company. Introduction and background: This area provides a brief overview of the company’s products that has already been in the market, its current market, and relevant history of the breakfast products of Nestle. SWOT table: A one page table that state the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this product. Findings: A one page explanation of the points listed in the SWOT table, and ranking it from the most important to the least. Recommendations: A two page description of the new product, and justification of the choice made by choosing this product using at least one of the four analysis points. Introduction Nestle is the world’s leading food company. Nestle was found in 1866 by Henri Nestle and became one of the biggest food and beverage company. Nestle started at providing babies food with high quality. However, in recent years, Nestle has focused on nutrition, health and wellbeing. Since establishment until now, Nestle has been through 6 stages: 1866 – 1918: Food products for babies and Powder milk; 1918 – 1944: Chocolate, Coffee and Fresh milk; 1944 – 1975: Fast food Maggi; 1975 – 1981: Fast food products; 1981 – 1996: Yogurt and Butter; 1966 – Present: Ice cream. Nestle develops its company by the way of acquisition; they acquire other international companies to expand their market. However, it also faces the risk of controlling their business with a large market from different locations. Many companies enter into the food industry which has increased the number of competitors in this market. Nestle has focused on finding and  developing new products that concentrate on health and how to maintain customer’s health. The main competitors of Nestle are Unilever, PepsiCo Inc., Kraft Foods Group Inc., and Groupe Danone S.A. Through five years, the profit of Nestle Australia was decrease because of the competition of other companies; in 2012 it profit was 248,505 million. Table 1: Financial of Nestle in the last 5 years This report will recognize some strengths, weakness, opportunity and threat for Nestle. The below section has taken a brief overview of SWOT analysis. In the discussion section, the key of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and weaknesses are analyzed in more particular. Finally, the suggestion for the company is made. SWOT Analysis Strength Weakness 1. World’s largest beverage and food company ($7 billion in revenue). 2. Affordable product price 3. Wide range of product catalogue 4. Research & Development capabilities (food and nutrition research) 5. Distribution channels and geographic presence 6. Competency in mergers and acquisitions 1. Inability to provide consistent quality in food products 2. Employees’ safety failure 3. Customer fears to try the unique mixture product of nestle 4. High Spending on advertising 5. Weak implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Opportunities Threat 1. Brand image (advertising and promoting targeting children) 2. Increasing demand for healthier food products 3. Establishing new joint ventures 4. Uses many type of marketing to promote their product 1. Competition 2. Substitute goods 3. Food contamination 4. Rising of raw material price 5. Trend towards healthy eating Discussion Strengths As Nestlà © is a world renowned brand it has certain key core competencies. One would be the unmatched product and brand portfolio. The business offers one of the widest portfolios of food and brewery products in its sector. It also operates 29 brands that earn more than $1 billion in annual revenues. With more than 8,000 products it is hard for any other corporate to compete against Nestlà ©. Second would be the company’s ability to grow with research and development. Nestlà © invested more than $2 billion in research and development in 2011. It’s introducing new and redesigned products every year, strengthening firm’s competitive advantage. Third would be the distribution channels and geographic presence. Nestlà © runs in more than 100 countries and has extensive distribution channel all over the world, which supports its operations globally. Fourth is the core competency in mergers and acquisitions. Over the years Nestlà © has been forming successful partnerships and acquiring other companies in order to grow and maintain its leadership in the market. Lastly the brand reputation valued at $7 billion. Nestlà © is known almost everywhere and has a reputable brand for its products that are used by millions every day. Weaknesses Nestlà © has its weaknesses however it is very minimal in comparison to other companies. One would be its Inability to provide consistent quality in food products. Nestlà © has been recalling many products from trade due to food contamination or poor quality supplies. This does not only hurt firm’s sales but its image as well as the business is unable to control quality of the products. Another would be its weak implementation of corporate social responsibility. The company has announced and is involved in many programs that aim to make company more eco-friendly and improving the working  conditions of its suppliers. Still, Nestlà © receives a lot criticism over the effectiveness of its programs. Opportunities Every individual company is seeking to maximise their opportunities, However, when taken into consideration few key areas can be taken into account. First is the increasing demand for healthier food products. The trend of buying and consuming only healthy food products is a major shift in consumer tastes and opens up an immense market for companies. Currently, Nestlà © tries to introduce more healthy food products in response to the trend. Another is acquiring start-ups specializing in producing well-being products. Many new start-ups are forming and introducing new products for well-being or revolutionizing the ways those products are made. Start-ups are cheap and can easily be acquired. Nestlà © is focusing on providing more well-being products and this is a great opportunity to expand its portfolio. Another good opportunity for Nestlà © would be establishing new joint ventures. Nestle is already involved in many successful partnerships with major world companies like The Coca-C ola Company and Android. Threats Majority of the companies in businesses face threats on daily basis however, it the actions that need to be taken in order to minimise future threats. One major factor is Food contamination. Although it is Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s responsibility to run thorough quality checks of its products, the company had been reportedly providing contaminated food or other products to the market. Such actions hurt company’s reputation and result in losses. Second would be the trend towards healthy eating. Nestlà © is a major supplier of chocolate and chocolate drinks that have high level of calories and due to changing customer habits, will experience decline in demand. As the Growth of private labels is rapidly increasing, this may have a long term effect on Nestlà ©. The growing number of supermarkets and other retailers are introducing their own label products that cost less and can easily compete with Nestlà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s product portfolio. Lastly, rising raw food prices which generates a ma ssive impact for all businesses. With an overall growth of world economy and population, the demand for raw food will rise. The result of that will be higher material costs and squeezed margin for Nestlà ©. Recommendations The Entourage’s new idea is a novel, unique and inspired product whose immense popularity will see it flying off store shelves and is surely going to be a new step forward for the Nestle Company. The product in question is a new type of cereal, which may seem dull and boring at first glance, but the appeal of the product lies more in its enhanced practicality. The product is a range of new cereal flavours consisting of wheat flakes, dried fruit and flavouring (chocolate, vanilla etc.). The wheat flakes will be in the shape of triangles, to achieve a brand image and for consumers to relate a simple/everyday object with our cereal, so that they are constantly reminded of it. The cereal is sold inside bottles/cans. When consumers buy the product, they will simply need to pour milk into the container and the result is an instant cereal fix, whether at home, at work, on the bus or anywhere else. The bottle/can also come with a resealable lid, which can be opened and closed at will to avoid spilling the cereal. Other cereal products force the consumer to sit and eat, despite the fact that they may be running late and other on the go products are liquefied sugar that merely provides a mild energy boost, whereas our product combines the best of both worlds. Not only does the consumer get a filling, wholesome and tasty breakfast, but they also receive these benefits without sacrificing time, an important resource in the morning. Strategy Profiles: Competition (Threat)/Brand Recognition Worldwide (Strength) – A day to day problem for firms is the constant competition from other businesses, whether minor or major. When attempting to launch a product and/or maintain its life on store shelves, there will always be demand for a competitor’s product. However, with smart advertising and a big name like Nestle, we can work to ensure that our product is what people are constantly talking about. Products are high in sugar and fat (Weakness)/Further research into nutrition (Opportunity) – Our product may not be the most fattening item on store shelves, but a high sugar content isn’t usually the best image for a product. But with research into health and nutrition, the product can  change. By constantly tinkering with and changing the recipe, we will be able to achieve a product that is not only nutritious, but retains that delicious flavour that the product is famous for. Customer fears to try the product (Weakness)/Affordable product price (Strength) – Consumers will always prefer to buy products that they are familiar with, instead of trying new items and because of this, it can be very difficult to introduce a new product into the market. While it can be difficult to persuade the consumer, making a price that is not only fair, but less than your competitors, can have an impact in how your product is perceived. Having a cheaper price may not be a substantial selling point, but it would succeed in gaining new customers and little bonuses like these can add up to be a major benefit. References Navi, G 2009, Nestle, Scribd, viewed 18th September 2013, http://www.scribd.com/doc/21544545/Introduction-Nestle-Was-Founded-in-1866-by-Henri-Nestle-And Nestle 2013, Nutrition, Health & Wellness – New Product Development at Nestlà ©, Business Case Studies, viewed 18 September 2013, http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/nestle/nutrition-health-wellness-new-product-development-at-nestle/introduction.html#axzz2f1LLXlr9 Nestle Group Limited 2011, The World’s leading Health, Wellness and Nutrition Company: Annual Report 2011, Nestle Group Limited, viewed 18 September 2013, Nestle 2013, About Us, Nestle, viewed 18 September 2013, Interbrand 2013, Nestle, viewed 18 September 2013, retrieved from Interbrand database Overview of the Nestlà © Oceania region 2013, Nestle, viewed 13 September 2013,

Marketing Plan - 1152 Words

Written Assignment 2 Gloria Cevallos Formerly known as Stuart Cellars, now Bel Vino is one of the friendliest and finest family owned wineries in Southern California. Since their inception their goal has been to produce wine they are proud of sharing and selling at the right price. They strive to succeed in their industry by adopting wine making traditions of the Old World, meaning Europe and regions of the Mediterranean, while producing it at the local Californian wineries. Producing 150 tons of grapes and 16,000 cases of wine per year, Stuart Cellars’ 49 acre estate vineyard is a winery like no other. For Stuart Cellars, the business of making wine, not only involves the process of making a superior wine that would satisfy†¦show more content†¦After all, the fair value of wine is ultimately determined by how much disposable income there is and therefore how much the consumer is willing to pay. Wine prices vary tremendously as it market fluctuates and we consider the fact that expensive wine not always equals great taste in the mind of the consumer. We all perceive the value of something very differently. Wine is one of those items that price doesn’t dictates quality. A person can be perfectly satisfied with a $5 bottle of wine even when is able to financially a more expensive one. Whereas someone else can never be satisfied is the price is not high as they have the perception that if something cost more is worth more. There a segment of the population that is always looking for what is discounted, without any regard for quality, taste or brand. Lastly, we know that there are no simple answers to determine the final price tag of a bottle of wine; however with some degree of certainty, we can say that demand determines and promotes the price of an item. . 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